If you've been following the news recently, you might have heard about the captivating activity at Kīlauea, one of the world's most active volcanoes located on the Big Island. Since December 23, 2024, the volcano has erupted and paused four times, keeping scientists, residents, and visitors alike mesmerized by its dynamic behavior. In this blog post, we will delve into the details of this natural wonder, the cultural significance of Kīlauea, and why there's no need for panic.
Recent Eruptive Activity: A Spectacle of Nature
Kīlauea has been putting on quite a show lately! As of this writing, the volcano is experiencing its seventh eruptive episode since the ongoing eruption began on December 23, 2024. The latest burst of activity started on the evening of January 27, 2025, inside Halemaʻumaʻu Crater at Kīlauea's summit.
According to the local news, the eruption started with small, sporadic bursts of lava, known as spatter fountains. These bursts gradually grew in intensity until continuous fountaining began. The north vent, located in the southwest portion of the crater, sent dazzling lava fountains soaring between 100 and 120 feet into the air, feeding multiple lava streams across the crater floor. By 7:40 p.m., lava had already covered 15% to 20% of the area.
Based on previous activity patterns, scientists estimate that this eruptive episode will last anywhere from 10 to 20 hours. Since the eruption began in late December, each phase of lava fountaining has varied in length—some lasting as little as 13 hours, others persisting for up to eight days. Pauses between eruptions have ranged from just under 24 hours to as long as 12 days.
The good news? All volcanic activity remains safely contained within Kaluapele, Kīlauea's summit caldera, inside Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park. No unusual changes have been detected in the East Rift Zone or Southwest Rift Zone. Scientists at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory closely monitor the situation and will continue to provide updates.
For those eager to witness this spectacular display of nature, Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park remains open to visitors. Be sure to check the park's website for the latest information on access and the best viewing opportunities!
Pele's Hair: A Gentle Reminder of Volcanic Activity
While the eruptions have been contained, Kona winds have carried a unique volcanic byproduct to nearby areas. Known as Pele's hair—delicate strands of volcanic glass formed when molten lava is stretched into thin threads—this phenomenon has been reported in locations such as Uēkahuna Overlook, the Kīlauea Visitor's Center, and residential areas like Volcano Village. Although striking to behold, Pele's hair can be sharp and should be handled with care.
Madam Pele: The Spirit of the Volcano
To understand Kīlauea is to understand Pele, the revered Hawaiian Goddess of volcanoes. According to Hawaiian mythology, Pele resides in Halema'uma'u crater, where her fiery displays manifest her strength and passion. Her story is one of resilience, creativity, and transformation, mirroring the ever-changing landscape of the Big Island.
Pele's journey to Hawai'i is a tale of adventure and strife. She was born in the ancient homeland of Kahiki but was forced to flee after a fierce conflict with her elder sister, Nāmakaokahaʻi, the Goddess of the Sea. Pele's fiery temper and her penchant for creating land with lava clashed with her sister's dominion over the ocean, sparking a rivalry that turned deadly. Pursued across the Pacific by Nāmakaokahaʻi, Pele embarked on a voyage in a canoe, accompanied by her siblings and carrying the sacred 'Ōhi tree, a symbol of her power.
As Pele traveled from island to island, she attempted to establish a home, creating craters and volcanic landscapes along the way. However, Nāmakaokahaʻi's relentless pursuit often forced her to move on. The conflict reached its climax on Maui, where Pele and her sister engaged in a fierce battle. Though Pele was defeated, her spirit endured and found a final resting place in Halema'uma'u Crater at Kīlauea's summit. Here, she continues to create and shape the land, embodying the creative and destructive forces of nature.
Locals affectionately refer to her as Tūtū Pele (Grandmother Pele), and her presence is both respected and celebrated. When Kīlauea erupts, many believe it's Pele expressing herself. The recent pauses in activity might even be interpreted as her taking a moment to reflect, preparing for her next move. This cultural perspective adds profound meaning to the scientific marvel of volcanic eruptions.
The Island Is Safe and Welcoming
Despite the dramatic headlines and viral videos often accompanying volcanic events, it's important to note that Kīlauea's activity poses no danger to residents or visitors. The eruptions are confined to the summit caldera, far from populated areas, and the National Park's safety measures ensure a secure experience for those eager to witness Pele's handiwork.
The Big Island is vast, with most of its communities and attractions unaffected by volcanic activity. Even during the significant 2018 eruption, which impacted only 3% of the island, the remaining 97% remained untouched and accessible. Today, life on the Big Island continues as usual, with locals and visitors enjoying the island's stunning beaches, lush rainforests, and vibrant culture.
Visiting Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park
For those intrigued by Kīlauea's volcanic wonders, Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park offers a front-row seat. The park's diverse landscapes—from smoking craters to ancient lava flows—tell the story of the island's formation and evolution. Visitors can explore trails, observe from safe viewpoints, and even catch a glimpse of the lava fountains and flows during active periods.
The park also provides educational resources, including ranger-led programs and exhibits at the visitor center, to deepen your understanding of Kīlauea's geology and cultural significance. Whether you're a geology enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply curious about the power of volcanoes, the park is a must-visit destination.
Embracing the Beauty of Kīlauea
Kīlauea's eruptions remind us of the Earth's incredible power and Pele's enduring presence. These events shape the island's landscape, creating new land and enriching the soil. They also offer a unique opportunity to witness the raw forces of nature in action.
As we marvel at Kīlauea's activity, let's also remember the importance of respecting and preserving this remarkable environment. The Big Island's natural beauty, cultural heritage, and aloha spirit make it a truly special place. Whether you're watching Kīlauea's eruptions from a safe distance or exploring the island's other treasures, there's no shortage of awe-inspiring experiences to enjoy.
A Bright Future for the Big Island
The recent eruptions at Kīlauea are just one chapter in the island's ongoing story. With its resilient communities, thriving tourism, and rich cultural traditions, the Big Island continues to welcome visitors with open arms.
If you are interested in buying property on the Big Island, knowing which lava zone it is located in is important. Lava zones are categorized based on the risk of volcanic activity, with Lava Zones 1 and 2 being the highest risk areas. These zones are more likely to experience lava flows in the event of an eruption. When considering a property purchase, it's essential to ask your realtor about the lava zone classification and understand the implications for insurance and safety.
So, the next time you hear about Kīlauea's activity, remember that it's not a cause for alarm but a celebration of nature's artistry. As Madam Pele weaves her fiery tales, she invites us to witness the beauty and power of her creations. And in doing so, she reminds us of the profound connection between the land, its people, and the stories that shape them.
Ta Da!
Aloha,
Jan
Images and videos are a courtesy of USGS.
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